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Tupaia (genus)
''Tupaia'' is a treeshrew genus in the Tupaiidae family that was first described by Thomas Stamford Raffles in 1821. The name of this genus derives from the Malay word ''tupai'' meaning squirrels or small animals that resemble squirrels.〔Wilkinson, R. J. (1901). (''A Malay-English dictionary'' ) Kelly & Walsh Limited, Hongkong, Shanghai and Yokohama.〕
== Characteristics ==
Raffles described the genus as having an elongated snout, 8 to 10 incisors, well developed limbs, five-toed naked feet, and the sole furnished with projecting pads and sharp claws, with a habit and tail of a squirrel.〔
Marcus Ward Lyon published a revision of the genus in 1913, and also noted the squirrel-like appearance of ''Tupaia'' species, which only lack the long black whiskers and have smaller ears. They don’t have any markings on the face, the naked area of the nose is finely reticulated, an oblique stripe on the shoulder is more or less distinct, and the tail is haired but not tufted. The braincase is about as wide as the maxillary tooth row is long. The temporal fossa is smaller than the orbit. The dental formula is . The first pair of upper incisors is longer than the second, while the second pair of lower incisors is slightly larger than the first and third pairs. The lower canines are better developed than the upper ones and stand high above the adjacent premolars. The size of head, body and tail varies between species.〔
One outstanding characteristic of ''Tupaia'' species is their color vision. They have rod and cone visual receptors similar to primates and humans.〔Shriver, J .G., Noback, C. R. (1967). ''Color Vision in the Tree Shrew'' (Tupaia glis). Folia Primatologia 6: 161−169.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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